Biomass carbonization, also known as biomass pyrolysis or biochar production, is a process that involves the conversion of biomass into carbon-rich solid residue called biochar through the application of heat in the absence of oxygen. This process is typically carried out in a controlled environment such as a carbonization kiln or a pyrolysis reactor.
During biomass carbonization, the biomass feedstock, which can include agricultural residues, wood chips, straw, or other organic materials, is subjected to high temperatures ranging from 300 to 800 degrees Celsius (572 to 1472 degrees Fahrenheit) in the absence of oxygen. In this oxygen-limited environment, the biomass decomposes thermally through a series of complex chemical reactions.
Carbonization products
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